O professor Paulo Freire faz da sua experiência a mais importante fonte de aquisição de conhecimento, partindo da análise de suas práticas para compreender as maneiras de enfrentar os problemas complexos da vida escolar, como utilizar o conhecimento e como criar novos procedimentos e estratégias. Para o educador, esse tipo de reflexão é mergulhar no mundo de experiência e sentimentos, carregado de valores intercambio simbólico, correspondências afetivas, interesses sociais e ao mesmo tempo perceber, do ponto de vista teórico, o que (...) se passa no mundo da objetividade. (shrink)

Este trabajo indaga las resemantizaciones del mito de Venus en tres poetas latinoamericanos: Julián del Casal, Rubén Darío y José Lezama Lima teniendo en cuenta la intertextualidad y las poéticas correspondientes. This paper analyses the Venus myth appropiation into the poetry of Julián del Casal, Rubén Darío and José Lezama Lima considering their poetry and intertextuality.

Much has been written about Žižek’s critique of ideology and its theoretical boundaries. Beyond the critical aspect of Žižekian philosophy, the desert of Žižekian politics lies in the way subjectivity persists even at the end of great revolutionary mobilizations. In this essay, I deal with the implications of a Žižekian politics based on the theory of subjectivity and the problem of the “morning after”. His rejection of the main currents of leftism opens up the discussion whether Žižekian politics is a (...) call for pragmatism or as a provocation to revolution. To address this issue, this essay proceeds in two ways. First, we study how Vladimir Lenin and Deng Xiaoping gives us two lessons in socialist pragmatism; the lessons we draw from Lenin and Deng allow us to study the problematic faced by the post-revolutionary politics: the need to arrive at a concrete plan to govern the nation and resuscitate the economy. Second, from what we learn as the audacity of Lenin’s strategic retreats and the missed political opportunities in Deng’s economic reforms, I argue that in a politics of militancy, collectivism is complemented by the rigorous study of our present situation. Militancy is an attitude of guarded optimism that complements communist optimism with a critical edge and a level-headed approach to dealing with political problems. (shrink)

Este texto expresa los aspectos ideológicos que respaldan las prácticas del colectivo de la Red Juvenil de Medellín, (Colombia), pensadas y planteadas por ellos mismos. Se evidencian las relaciones y los comportamientos que estos jóvenes generan con el fin de buscar la transformación de la sociedad,..

: As relações que Wittgenstein mantém com o pensamento de Freud,como atestaram vários estudiosos, são marcadamente ambíguas: existe, por um lado, uma crítica acerba do caráter pseudocientífico com que a psicanálise apresenta supostas “descobertas empíricas”, e do fascínio exercido por este modo de proceder; mas há, por outro lado, evidências da sua admiração pelo efeito dissolvente do uso de metáforas e interpretações, chegando mesmo Wittgenstein a incorporar essa estratégia ao seu próprio método de investigação lógica dos conceitos filosóficos. Neste trabalho (...) pretendo retirar de uma reflexão acerca do método incorporado às Investigações Filosóficas, comparável em muitos aspectos à clínica de uma psicanálise lingüística dessubstancializada, alguns pontos positivos que se poderiam acrescentar à crítica da concepção de linguagem de Lacan. (shrink)

The critical aspect of Slavoj Žižek’s philosophical system is clearly established. It has allowed us to see the ideological backdrop of late capitalism and its political situation. As we move from critique of ideology to theory proper, the desert of Žižekian politics lies in describing the political implications of a politics of subjectivity. Here, I tackle the question of how should we deal with the post-event rupture, when the morning after demands us to present a viable alternative to the previous (...) system. Engaging with Žižek’s latest works, I find a deadlock: responding to the myriad of anti-Trump movements and actions, Žižek warned us of the dangers of false activity and invites us to further study the conditions that allowed the rise of clownish populists in the first place; concerning the European debate about the refugee crisis, he argues for the strengthening of European borders as well as provide an effective bureaucracy to deal with the influx of refugees, avoiding the liberal leftist naïveté of open borders. Such positions do not sit well with the liberal leftist politics that invite us to combat fascism at all costs and demand a compassionate policy towards the refugees. Here, the question of Žižekian politics becomes clear: is it a form of pragmatism or a revolutionary theory that depends on the collective subject that introduces the rupture to the status quo? I do not argue that it is one or the other; rather, the two sides provoke a dialectical examination of our political situation, where grand revolutionary projects are constantly haunted by the stigma of failure. Hence, Žižekian politics, as a politics of subjectivity, is a politics of the organization of the collective from the margins that will break the status quo; but, as a politics of militantism, collectivity is complemented by the vigorous study of our present situation to be able to properly confront the political crises of our time. (shrink)

ENTREVISTA COM PROFESSORAS (ES) DE FILOSOFIA DO ENSINO SUPERIOR DO CEARÁ – BLOCO IICom: Cristiane Maria Marinho, Francisco José da Silva, Camila do Espírito Santo Prado de OliveiraPor: Antônio Alex Pereira de Sousa, Paulo Willame Araújo de Lima.

Neste artigo introdutório pretendo contribuir com o debate a respeito da importância das discussões sobre a “antropologia” em Kant, na medida em que compreendo que a relação dessa com outras regiões do pensamento kantiano pode produzir uma interpretação mais próxima entre a filosofia de Kant e a realidade concreta. Para cumprir esse intento, sugiro que existe a possibilidade de se pensar a Filosofia Crítica sustentada por uma “teoria da subjetividade” que se aproxima de uma “reflexão transcendental sobre o homem”, a (...) qual permitiria certa “sistematicidade orgânica” à filosofia kantiana. Proponho igualmente os temas do conceito kantiano de filosofia e da constituição do problema do “transcendental” como elementos que auxiliam essa compreensão. (shrink)

This article is a defense of a philosophy of psychoanalysis with no interference whatever in the autonomy of the analyzed discipline. To comply with this objective, the Wittgensteinian philosophical method and its related concepts of grammar, grammatical description, and therapy, are being proposed. Such therapeutical objects of comparison are then applied to a case of use of psychoanalytic concepts in a text from Lacan's Seminar XV , to show a practical example of the kind of philosophy that we favor.

In this article – and through a hermeneutical analysis of a textual nature – we will take a tour about a particular interpretatión of politics in Ludwig Feuerbach. The reading we make is that an idea of politics as self-limitation of man, implicitly overcoming criticism of Christianity, in the period 1839-1843. For its implementation, it is necessary – as we understanding it – to link politics and religión: understood as the passage of the critical gaze from the inside to the (...) outside. Through this link, man – by specifically claiming sensitivity – limits his political practice in space and time, thereby setting the stage for the effective exercise of praxis. Keywords: Self-limitation. Praxis. Christianity. Essence. State. (shrink)

O artigo trata de apresentar a obra Oito Capítulos, Shemona Perakim (introdução ao Pirkei Avot, Ética dos Pais, uma das partes integrantes do Comentário de Mishná), de Maimônides (Rabi Moshé Ben Maimon, 1135-1204), procurando estabelecer uma compreensão introdutória dos elementos centrais que se referem ao tema da ética. A metodologia hermenêutica utilizada demonstra o caráter de imersão na obra em questão, traçando uma breve explanação de cada uma das seções componentes do texto maimonidiano, pela qual se procura, como fio condutor, (...) a identificação dos princípios fundamentais sobre os quais se ergue o projeto ético do autor, que o faz por meio de uma reflexão que articula a Torah judaica com elementos da ética aristotélica.Palavras-chave: Oito Capítulos. Introdução ao Pirkei Avot. Ética e fé judaica.ABSTRACTThe article deals with presenting the work Eight Chapters, Shemonah Perakim (introduction to the Pirkei Avot, Ethics of the Fathers, one of the integral parts of the Commentary of Mishnah), from Maimonides(Rabbi Moshe Ben Maimon, 1135-1204), seeking to set up an introductory understanding of the major elements that refer to the theme of ethics. The hermeneutic methodology used shows the attempt at plunging into the work in question, drawing a brief explanation of sections that compound the Maimonidean text, through which it is attempted as a leading thread to find out the fundamental principles on which stands the author’s ethical projectthat is developed through a reflection that articulates the Jewish Torah with elements of Aristotelian ethics.Keywords: Eight Chapters. Introduction to Pirkei Avot. Ethics and Jewish faith. (shrink)

O presente artigo pretende analisar os conceitos de certeza sensível em Hegel e Feuerbach, partindo da exposição do primeiro capítulo da Fenomenologia do Espírito (Phänomenologie des Geistes [1807]) hegeliana e do texto feuerbachiano Para a crítica da filosofia de Hegel (Zur Kritik der Hegelschen Philosophie [1839]). Em um primeiro momento a exposição é orientada pela perspectiva hegeliana, a qual defende a tese de que, enquanto a consciência sensitiva tem a pretensão de alcançar a verdade do objeto como algo singular e (...) isento de mediações e que, por isso, acredita ter a posse do saber mais verdadeiro e rico, passa por contradições que não pode resolver sem dar o salto para o nível da percepção; o que parecia singular lhe parece agora universal, e o “saber” pretensamente rico, se revelará o mais pobre e vazio abstrato. No segundo momento, lendo a supracitada obra de Feuerbach, temos que a certeza sensível, tal como considerada pela Fenomenologia, não passa de um jogo de palavras do pensamento consigo mesmo; a tese agora é a de que Hegel parte de um conceito de sensibilidade distinto da realidade efetiva e que, portanto, a refutação hegeliana só se dá logicamente, mas não realmente em relação à verdade da certeza sensível. (shrink)

Este trabajo indaga las resemantizaciones del mito de Venus en tres poetas latinoamericanos: Julián del Casal, Rubén Darío y José Lezama Lima teniendo en cuenta la intertextualidad y las poéticas correspondientes. This paper analyses the Venus myth appropiation into the poetry of Julián del Casal, Rubén Darío and José Lezama Lima considering their poetry and intertextuality.

From the standpoint of the school settings, sport participation constitutes a key strategy concerning the manifestation of positive behaviors that result from the development of personal and social responsibility. Based on the TPSR model, the goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of an intervention geared toward teaching life skills through sport to youngsters who had been committed. The participants were evaluated before and after the intervention. After the initial evaluation, they were randomly assigned to the experimental and (...) control groups. The experimental group took part in the community football program, while the control group attended physical education classes not based on the TPSR model. The experimental model consisted of 3 weekly sessions over the course of 6 weeks, which totaled 18 sessions. This investigation supplied empirical evidence concerning the potential of community sport programs in the teaching and development of life skills deemed necessary for an adequate reintegration of such at-risk youngsters. The model was shown to be valid both in stimulating changes of attitudes and in promoting the adherence to socially positive behaviors. The effectiveness of the model, as well as its unique approach, make its application attractive to both the youngsters and the professionals. This program facilitates the training of youngsters to act, in the sense of promoting both their autonomy and the acquisition of a system of ethics and moral values within a culture of responsibility for how decisions affect the individual and the community. Finally, this intervention generated empirical support in favor of the argument that sport constitutes a unique opportunity within the educational process to establish values, beliefs, attitudes, and practical habits pertaining relationships and cooperation that generate social responsibility in individuals. (shrink)

Researchers have studied the athletes' dual careers with the aim of helping them to combine the sport and the academic–vocational sphere. Most of this research has addressed the study–sport combination, but there is a lack of studies on the work–sport combination. The main objective of this research was to explore the subjective perceptions of Spanish elite athletes when attempting to combine their careers as professional athletes with a second profession or trade. Further, this study aims to identify the access to (...) facilitating resources and the perception of obstacles and barriers to the development of a dual career. A qualitative approach was chosen to address these research questions. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was carried out on a sample of 18 elite athletes, and the data were collected using semi-structured interviews based on a set of superordinate and subordinate categories. The results showed that the athletes interviewed possessed valuable resources such as the transference of sports values to the work sphere. However, important barriers were highlighted such as the perception of sport institutions as absent entities in the work–sport combination. Thus, the study of this type of dual career seems to be one of the challenges facing the interested scientific community for the coming years. (shrink)

O presente artigo é fonte de estudos decorrentes da disciplina “Pesquisa Educacional”, do curso de pós-graduação em Educação, do Centro de Educação da Universidade Federal de Alagoas/UFAL. O artigo objetiva fazer um pequeno recorte acerca da pesquisa em educação, em três (3) vias de investigação, para poder complementar e embasar um projeto de pesquisa que envolve experiências, conceituação teórica e os sujeitos envolvidos. Buscaremos tratar da construção do objeto de pesquisa, da realidade do sujeito a ser pesquisado e dos contextos (...) que integram a pesquisa qualitativa e a pesquisa quantitativa e as diferenciam. Grande parte do referencial teórico fez parte das discussões em sala de aula sobre essa disciplina, além de textos complementares, que podem buscar nortear as ideias a serem desenvolvidas ao longo do processo de pesquisa acadêmica. (shrink)

O presente trabalho tem por finalidade analisar o pensamento de Friedrich Nietzsche como ponto de inflexão na entrada da pós-modernidade segundo a análise apresentada por Jürgen Habermas no quarto capítulo de sua obra “O discurso filosófico da modernidade”. De acordo com o texto, Habermas discute os aspectos estruturantes do pensamento moderno colocando a filosofia nietzschiana como uma espécie de ruptura entre o moderno e o pós-moderno, mostrando sua crítica à modernidade e suas relações com o romantismo alemão. Neste contexto, tentaremos (...) tecer considerações sobre o conceito de arte na filosofia de Nietzsche e evidenciar sua participação nos desdobramentos da filosofia contemporânea. (shrink)